Indian Polity (Constitution)

Indian polity refers to the system of government and governance in the Republic of India, which is a federal democratic country with a parliamentary system of government. The Indian polity is based on the Constitution of India, which was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November 1949 and came into effect on 26th January 1950.

The Indian polity is characterized by a separation of powers among the three branches of government – the Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary – and by a federal structure in which power is divided between the central government and the state governments. The Parliament is the highest law-making body in India, consisting of the President of India, the Rajya Sabha (Upper House) and the Lok Sabha (Lower House).

India also has an independent judiciary, headed by the Supreme Court, which is responsible for interpreting the Constitution and resolving disputes between the central government and the state governments, as well as between the different branches of government.

Indian polity also includes the political parties, elections, and political processes that shape the functioning of the government and the political landscape of the country.